Jacopone da Todi, al secolo Jacopo de’ Benedetti, nasce a Todi da famiglia nobile intorno al 1230. Dopo aver studiato giurisprudenza a Bologna, Jacopone da Todi si avvia alla carriera notarile esercitando nella stessa città. Secondo la tradizione nel 1268, la moglie muore accidentalmente nel crollo di un pavimento. Il momento di dolore e di sconcerto che ne segue, in qualche misura accresciuto dalla scoperta che la moglie faceva uso di strumenti di penitenza (il cilizio), determina un radicale mutamento nella condotta di vita di Jacopone da Todi. Dopo aver abbandonato il lavoro e le persone che fino ad allora lo avevano circondato, si incammina in un percorso di pubblica penitenza e umiliazione. Secondo la tradizione ha momenti e gesti quasi di follia, ad esempio giunse ad un convivio camminando carponi carico di un basto d’asino, oppure alle nozze del fratello si presenta nudo, spalmato di grasso, e rivoltato fra piume.

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Nel 1278 entra nell’Ordine francescano come frate laico. In quel periodo l’Ordine subisce le lotte intestine fra la fazione dei Conventuali sostenuti da Papa Bonifacio VIII, che vorrebbero attenuare il rigore della regola di San Francesco, e il gruppo degli Spirituali che invece premono per mantenere inalterato lo spirito dell’Ordine. Jacopo, ovviamente vista la sua esperienza di penitenza, si schiera con gli ultimi, e insieme ai cardinali Jacopo e Pietro Colonna disconosce la validità dell’elezione di Bonifacio; ciò provoca come reazione prima la scomunica, poi la carcerazione(1298) dalla quale solo il nuovo Papa Benedetto XI(1303) può liberarlo. Il frate trascorre, infine, gli ultimi suoi anni nel convento di San Lorenzo di Collazzone nelle vicinanze di Todi dove si spegne nel 1306 d.C.

Il più insigne cittadino tuderte del Medioevo è l’autore di numerose opere fra cui spiccano per qualità ed organicità le “Laudi”, componimenti tipici del periodo per qualche verso assimilabili al Cantico delle Creature di San Francesco e da esso probabilmente ispirate. Tuttavia, il tono e la poetica di fondo del frate è meno lieto e mistico, sembra che si sia perso in parte l’armonia con la natura e lo stupore del mondo che caratterizzava lo slancio di S.Francesco. Domina invece l’ opera di Jacopo una concezione più materiale e dolorosa, una visione più ripiegata sul proprio io, evidentemente frutto delle sventure che segnarono la vita dell’autore.

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Jacopone of Benedetti was born in Todi in a noble family around 1230. After studying law in Bologna, he launches himself in the notary career working in the same city. According to tradition, in 1268, his wife accidentally dies in the collapse of a floor. The following moment of pain and confusion, in some way increased by the discovery that his wife was using tools of penitence, determines a radical change in the behavior of Jacopone of Todi. After abandoning his work and the people who, up to that time, had surrounded him, he starts a way of public penitence and humiliation.

According to tradition he has gestures of almost madness, for example he arrived to a banquet walking on his knees, or to the brother’s wedding he presented himself undressed, covered of fat, and wrapped up in feathers. In 1278 he enters in the Franciscan Order as a laic friar. In this period the Order has to face some internal rivalries between the fraction of the “Conventuali” sustained by Pope Bonifacio VIII, who would like to reduce the rigor of the rule of San Francesco, and the group of the “Spirituali” who is making pressure in order to maintain unaffected the spirit of the Order. Jacopo, obviously, considering his experience of penitence, is part of the last group, and together with the cardinals Jacopo and Pietro Colonna does not recognize the validity of the election of Bonifacio; this provokes as first reaction the excommunication, then the imprisonment(1298) from which only the new Pope Benedetto XI(1303) can free him. The friar spends, at last, his last years in the Convent of San Lorenzo of Collazzone near Todi where he dies in 1306.

The most insignificant Todi citizen of the Middle Ages is the author of numerous “Laudi”, typical compositions of the period in some way similar to the Canticle of the Creatures of San Francesco and probably inspired by this last one. However the tone of the poet is less happy and mystic, having in part lost the harmony with nature and with the world which characterizes the glow of San Francesco. His poetry is instead dominated by a more material and painful conception, obviously fruit of the misadventures that signed the life of the author.

Jacopone de Todi, à l’époque Jacopo de’ Benedetti, naît à Todi dans une famille noble aux alentours de 1230. Après avoir étudié le droit à Bologne, Jacopone de Todi se lance dans la carrière notariale en exerçant dans cette même ville. Selon la tradition, en 1268, sa femme meurt accidentellement lors de l’écroulement d’un plancher. Le moment de douleur et de déconcertation qui s’en suit, augmenté par la découverte que sa femme utilisait des objets de pénitence (le cilice), provoque un changement radical dans le style de vie de Jacopone de Todi. Après avoir abandonné son travail et les personnes qui jusqu’alors l’avaient entouré, il s’engage dans un parcours de pénitence et d’humiliation publique. Selon la tradition il a des moments et des gestes de quasi folie, par exemple il arrive à une célébration en marchant à quatre pattes chargé d’un bâton d’âne, ou bien au mariage de son frère il se présente nu, recouvert de gras, et enrobé de plumes.

En 1278 il entre dans l’Ordre franciscain comme frère laïque. Pendant cette période l’Ordre est en proie aux luttes internes entre la faction des Conventionnels, soutenus par le Pape Boniface VIII, qui voudrait atténuer la rigueur de la règle de Saint François, et le groupe des Spirituels qui en revanche font pression pour maintenir en l’état l’esprit de l’Ordre. Jacopo, bien entendu, étant donné son expérience de pénitence, se range aux côtés de ces derniers, et avec les cardinaux Jacopo et Pietro Colonna il ne reconnaît pas la validité de l’élection de Boniface; cela provoque comme première réaction l’excommunication, puis l’emprisonnement (1298) dont seul le nouveau Pape Benoît XI (1303) l’en libère. Le frère passe enfin ses dernières années dans le couvent de Saint Lorenzo de Collazzone dans les environs de Todi où il s’éteint en 1306.

Le plus éminent citoyen de Todi du Moyen-Age est l’auteur de nombreux ouvrages parmi lesquels sortent de l’ordinaire de par leur qualité les “Laudi”, components typiques de la période, qui ressemblent dans un certain sens au Cantique des Créatures de Saint François et dont ils sont probablement inspirés. Toutefois, le ton et la poésie de fond du frère est moins heureuse et mystique, il semble qu’il est en partie perdu l’harmonie avec la nature et la stupeur qui caractérisent l’élancement de Saint François. En revanche, dans l’oeuvre de Jacopo domine une conception plus matérielle et douloureuse, une vision plus repliée sur soi, fruit évident des mésaventures qui ont marqué la vie de l’auteur.

Jacopone of Benedetti was born in Todi in a noble family around 1230. After studying law in Bologna, he launches himself in the notary career working in the same city. According to tradition, in 1268, his wife accidentally dies in the collapse of a floor. The following moment of pain and confusion, in some way increased by the discovery that his wife was using tools of penitence, determines a radical change in the behavior of Jacopone of Todi. After abandoning his work and the people who, up to that time, had surrounded him, he starts a way of public penitence and humiliation.

According to tradition he has gestures of almost madness, for example he arrived to a banquet walking on his knees, or to the brother’s wedding he presented himself undressed, covered of fat, and wrapped up in feathers. In 1278 he enters in the Franciscan Order as a laic friar. In this period the Order has to face some internal rivalries between the fraction of the “Conventuali” sustained by Pope Bonifacio VIII, who would like to reduce the rigor of the rule of San Francesco, and the group of the “Spirituali” who is making pressure in order to maintain unaffected the spirit of the Order. Jacopo, obviously, considering his experience of penitence, is part of the last group, and together with the cardinals Jacopo and Pietro Colonna does not recognize the validity of the election of Bonifacio; this provokes as first reaction the excommunication, then the imprisonment(1298) from which only the new Pope Benedetto XI(1303) can free him. The friar spends, at last, his last years in the Convent of San Lorenzo of Collazzone near Todi where he dies in 1306.

The most insignificant Todi citizen of the Middle Ages is the author of numerous “Laudi”, typical compositions of the period in some way similar to the Canticle of the Creatures of San Francesco and probably inspired by this last one. However the tone of the poet is less happy and mystic, having in part lost the harmony with nature and with the world which characterizes the glow of San Francesco. His poetry is instead dominated by a more material and painful conception, obviously fruit of the misadventures that signed the life of the author.

Jacopone of Benedetti was born in Todi in a noble family around 1230. After studying law in Bologna, he launches himself in the notary career working in the same city. According to tradition, in 1268, his wife accidentally dies in the collapse of a floor. The following moment of pain and confusion, in some way increased by the discovery that his wife was using tools of penitence, determines a radical change in the behavior of Jacopone of Todi. After abandoning his work and the people who, up to that time, had surrounded him, he starts a way of public penitence and humiliation.

According to tradition he has gestures of almost madness, for example he arrived to a banquet walking on his knees, or to the brother’s wedding he presented himself undressed, covered of fat, and wrapped up in feathers. In 1278 he enters in the Franciscan Order as a laic friar. In this period the Order has to face some internal rivalries between the fraction of the “Conventuali” sustained by Pope Bonifacio VIII, who would like to reduce the rigor of the rule of San Francesco, and the group of the “Spirituali” who is making pressure in order to maintain unaffected the spirit of the Order. Jacopo, obviously, considering his experience of penitence, is part of the last group, and together with the cardinals Jacopo and Pietro Colonna does not recognize the validity of the election of Bonifacio; this provokes as first reaction the excommunication, then the imprisonment(1298) from which only the new Pope Benedetto XI(1303) can free him. The friar spends, at last, his last years in the Convent of San Lorenzo of Collazzone near Todi where he dies in 1306.

The most insignificant Todi citizen of the Middle Ages is the author of numerous “Laudi”, typical compositions of the period in some way similar to the Canticle of the Creatures of San Francesco and probably inspired by this last one. However the tone of the poet is less happy and mystic, having in part lost the harmony with nature and with the world which characterizes the glow of San Francesco. His poetry is instead dominated by a more material and painful conception, obviously fruit of the misadventures that signed the life of the author.